For Further Information
For Further Information
Beverly Daniel Tatum, “
Talking about Race, Learning about Racism: The Application of Racial Identity Development Theory in the Classroom,”
Harvard Educational Review 62, no. 1 (1992): 1–24
William E. Cross,
Shades of Black: Diversity in African American Identity (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991)
Jean S. Phinney, “Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and Adults: Review of Research,”
Psychological Bulletin 108, no. 3 (1991): 499–514.
Erik H. Erikson,
Identity: Youth and Crisis (NewYork: W.W. Norton, 1968).
Barry Troyna and Bruce Carrington,
Education, Racism and Reform (London: Routledge, 1990).
Gary Orfield and Susan Eaton,
Dismantling Desegregation (NewYork: New Press, 1996).
BelindaWilliams, “Closing the Achievement Gap,” in Milli Pierce and Deborah L. Stapleton (eds.),
The 21st-Century Principal: Current Issues in Leadership and Policy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, 2003)
Pedro Noguera and Antwi Akom, “Disparities Demystified,”
The Nation, June 5, 2000.
Signithia Fordham,
Blacked Out: Dilemmas of Race, Identity, and Success at Capital High (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996)
Signithia Fordham and John Ogbu, “Black Students and School Success: Coping with the Burden of Acting White,”
Urban Review 18 (1986): 176–206. Also see other works by Ogbu and Fordham.
Claude Steele, “A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape the Intellectual Identities and Performance of Women and African Americans,”
American Psychologist 52 (June 1997): 613–629.
John H. McWhorter,
Losing the Race: Self-Sabotage in Black America (NewYork: New Press, 2000)
Deborah Meier,
The Power of Their Ideas: Lessons for America from a Small School in Harlem (Boston: Beacon Press, 1995).